MOD: Metadata for Ontology Description and publication
type: Ontology
comment: For any quesries about MOD, contact Biswanath Dutta (DRTC, Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore, India) Email: bisu@drtc.isibang.ac.in
publisher: Indian Statistical Institute (www.isibang.ac.in)
created: 5 August 2015
contributor: Durgesh Nandini
version info: version: 1.0 (revison: 0.1)
bibliographic citation: Citation to ontology: Dutta, B., Nandini, D. and Shahi, G. (2015-08-05). MOD: Metadata for Ontology Description and publication. 1.0, https://www.isibang.ac.in/ns/mod/1.0/ [rdf/xml] Citation to the relevant paper: Dutta, B., Nandini, D. and Shahi, G. (2015). MOD: Metadata for Ontology Description and publication. In Proceedings of DCMI International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications (DC-2015), Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1-4 September 2015, pp. 1-9.
licence: https://creativecommons.org/by/4.0
creator: Biswanath Dutta (https://sites.google.com/site/dutta2005/home)

contributer
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Agent
comment: An agent who has contributed in making an ontology.

creator
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
comment: The creator of an ontology.

format
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: File Format
comment: The file format of an ontological resource.

license
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: License
comment: A license under which an ontology is published.

subject
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Domain
comment: The subject or the topic of an ontology.

type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology Type
comment: The nature or genre of the resource.

endorsed by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Agent
comment: An ontology endorsed by an agent.

evaluated by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Agent
comment: An ontology that is evaluated by an agent.

formality level
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Level Of Formality
comment: The level of formality of an ontology.

knowledge representation formalism
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Knowledge Representation Formalism
comment: A knowledge representation formalism (e.g., description logics, first order logic) followed to create an ontology.

methodology used
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: A methodolgy follwoing which an ontology is created.

module
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology
comment: The part(s) of the ontology, may refer to the same ontology or may be to different ontologies.

ontology in use
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Project
comment: An ontology that is used in a project.

ontology design language
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology Design Language
comment: A language that is used to create an ontology.

source ontology
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology
comment: The ontology(ies) referred to while creating the present ontology.

sponsered by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Project
comment: An ontology that is sponsored by and developed under a project.

syntax
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology Syntax
comment: The syntax followed in the creation of an ontology.

tool used
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Ontology
range: Ontology Design Tool
comment: The tool used for the creation of an ontology.

description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
comment: A statement that represents something in words. It is the act of describing something. The description can include, for instance, the purpose of a thing, the scope, the area of applications of a thing, the history, etc.

identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: anyURI
comment: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.

language
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: string
comment: The natural language of an ontology.

Acronym
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
comment: A word formed from the initial letters of the several words in the name and pronounced as one word.

accessibility
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: string
comment: Information on access (i.e., read, download) to an ontology.

address
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Agent
range: string
comment: The address of an agent.

classes
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: integer
comment: The total number of classes in an ontology.

competencyQuestion
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: string
comment: A set of questions made to build an ontology at the design time.

country
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
comment: The country name.

creationDate
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: dateTime
comment: The release date of an ontology.

document
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: anyURI
comment: A link to the documentation page on a thing.

homepage
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: anyURI
comment: Link to the homepage of a thing.

individuals
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: positiveInteger
comment: The total number of individuals in an ontology.

keyword
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: integer
comment: A keyword(s) is used to describe the content of an ontology. Keywords are basically uncontrolled and author defined words. Multiple entries in a keywords list are typically delimited by commas.

number of axioms
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: positiveInteger
comment: The total number of axioms in an ontology.

pin
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
comment: A pin code.

properties
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: integer
comment: The total number of properties in an ontology.

size
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: double
comment: The size of the ontology.

state
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
comment: The state or the province name.

status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: string
comment: The status of an released ontology (i.e. whether completed or an intermediated version, authorized or not, etc.)

street
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
comment: The street address.

version
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: double
comment: The version of the released ontology.

vocabulary used
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Ontology
range: string
comment: A vocabulary(ies) that is used and/or referred to create the current ontology.

Alt Label
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
comment: The alternative name for the specified thing.

firstName
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: string
comment: The first name of a person.

lastName
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: string
comment: The last name of a person.

mbox
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Agent
range: string
comment: The email address of an agent.

name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
comment: The name for some thing.

phone
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Agent
range: long
comment: A phone, specified using fully qualified telelephone number.

Domain
type: Class
comment: An area of knowledge or a field of study that an ontology deals with. For example, Gene ontology, Movie onotology, Fishery ontology and Food ontology.

File Format
type: Class
comment: A file format of an ontology. For example .rdf, .owl, .xml, etc.

Knowledge Representation Formalism
type: Class
comment: A representation formalism that is followed to describe knowledge in an ontology. Example includes description logics, first order logic, etc.

Level Of Formality
type: Class
comment: The degree or level of formality of an ontology. The level of formality varies from Rigorously formal, Semiformal, Informal, and Semiinformal.

License
type: Class
comment: A legal document giving official permission to do something with an ontology. Example includes Apache license, Creative Commons Attribution License, GNU General Public License and GPL.

Ontology
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: creator
  some values from: Agent
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: subject
  some values from: Domain
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: type
  some values from: Ontology Type
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: knowledge representation formalism
  some values from: Knowledge Representation Formalism
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: ontology design language
  some values from: Ontology Design Language
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: syntax
  some values from: Ontology Syntax
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: formality level
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Level Of Formality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: competencyQuestion
  some values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: name
  some values from: string
comment: A rigorous and exhaustive organization of some knowledge domain that is usually hierarchical and contains all the relevant entities and their relations. According to Studer et al., (1998), it is "a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization."

Ontology Design Language
type: Class
comment: A knowledge representation language using which an ontology is written. For example, RDFS, OWL, Ontolingua and Loom.

Ontology Design Methodology
type: Class
comment: A method(s) by which an ontology is created. Example includes Methontology, Tove, Cyc and YAMO.

Ontology Design Tool
type: Class
comment: A tool that is used to create an ontology. Example includes Protege, OntoEdit, TopBraid, etc.

Ontology Syntax
type: Class
comment: A syntax that is used to implement an ontology. Example includes RDF/XML, Notation3, n-triples, RDFa and Turtle.

Ontology Type
type: Class
comment: The kind of an ontology. Example includes Upper ontology, Domain Ontology, Application Ontology and Task ontology.

Agent
type: Class
comment: A resource that acts or has the power to act. Example of Agents include person and organization.

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
disjoint with: Person
comment: An agent corresponding to social institutions such as companies, associations, etc., that has a collective goal.

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A human being (alive, dead, undead, real or imaginary).

Project
type: Class
comment: Any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted.

Application Ontology
type: Axiom
annotated source: ApplicationOntology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
comment: An application ontology is an ontology engineered for a specific use or application focus and whose scope is specified through testable use cases. The application ontology will often use or reference canonical ontologies to construct ontological classes and relationships between classes. Application ontologies are used when modeling cross-domain experiments in biology, for data annotation or visualization and for producing data driven views across reference ontologies for specific user groups.

Core Reference Ontologies
type: Axiom
annotated source: CoreReferenceOntology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
comment: This type of ontology is linked to a domain but it integrates different viewpoints related to spe- cific group of users. This type of ontology is the result of the integration of several domain ontologies. A core reference ontology is often built to catch the central concepts and relations of the domain. Example: Hydrontology

Creative Commons
type: Axiom
annotated source: CreativeCommons
annotated property: type
annotated target: License
comment: A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.

Cyc
type: Axiom
annotated source: Cyc
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology

Darpa Agent Markup Language
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Design Language

Darpa Agent Markup Language
type: Axiom
annotated source: Darpa Agent Markup Language
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Language

DUET
type: Axiom
annotated source: DUET
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Tool

Description Logics
type: NamedIndividual
type: Knowledge Representation Formalism

Description Logic
type: Axiom
annotated source: Description Logics
annotated property: type
annotated target: Knowledge Representation Formalism
comment: DL is used in artificial intelligence for formal reasoning on the concepts of an application domain (known as terminological knowledge). It is of particular importance in providing a logical formalism for ontologies and the Semantic Web.

Domain Ontology
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Type

Domain Ontology
type: Axiom
annotated source: Domain Ontology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
comment: Domain ontology is only applicable to a domain with a specific view point. That is to say that this viewpoint defines how a group of users conceptualize and visualize some specific phenomenon. This domain ontology could be linked to a specific application: electric network management system for example.

First Order Logic
type: NamedIndividual
type: Knowledge Representation Formalism

First Order Logic
type: Axiom
annotated source: First Order Logic
annotated property: type
annotated target: Knowledge Representation Formalism
comment: The ultimate knowledge representation formalism in terms of expressive power and compactness is First Order Logic (FOL). It was used by mathematicians to define general propositions about the world.

Formal
type: NamedIndividual
type: Level Of Formality
comment: All the terms are defined formally, with established theorems and proofs.

Frame
type: Axiom
annotated source: Frame
annotated property: type
annotated target: Knowledge Representation Formalism
comment: F-logic combines the advantages of conceptual modeling with object-oriented, frame-based languages and offers a declarative, compact and simple syntax, as well as the well-defined semantics of a logic-based language. Features include, among others, object identity, complex objects, inheritance, polymorphism, query methods, encapsulation.

GNU Free Documentation License
type: NamedIndividual
type: License

GNU General Public License
type: NamedIndividual
type: License

General Ontology
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Type
label: Top-Level Ontology
label: Upper Level Ontology

General Ontologies
type: Axiom
annotated source: General Ontology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
comment: General ontologies are not dedicated to a specific domain or fields. They contain general knowledge of a huge area. Example: OpenCyc Ontology

Griinger and Fox methodology
type: Axiom
annotated source: GrungerAndFoxMethodology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: Gr€uuninger and Fox propose a methodology that is inspired on the development of knowledge - based systems usingfirst order logic.They propose first to identify intuitively the main scenarios (possible applications in which the ontology will be used). Then, a set of natural language questions, called competency questions, are used to determine the scope of the ontology. These questions and their answers are used both to extract the main concepts and their properties, relations and axioms on the ontology.

KACTUS
type: Axiom
annotated source: KACTUS
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: The ontology is built on the basis of an application KB, by means of a process of abstraction (that is, following a bottom-up strategy).

Methontology
type: Axiom
annotated source: Methontology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: Methontology is the most mature approach, and is recommended by FIPAfor the ontology construction task. The METHONTOLOGY frame- work enables the construction of ontologies at the knowledge level. It includes: the identification of the ontology development process, a life cycle based on evolving prototypes, and particular techniques to carry out each activity.

Notation 3
type: Axiom
annotated source: Notation3
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Syntax
comment: Notation3, or N3 as it is more commonly known, is a shorthand non-XML serialization of Resource Description Framework models, designed with human-readability in mind: N3 is much more compact and readable than XML RDF notation.

Ontology Interchange Language
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Design Language

Web Ontology Language
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Design Language

Web Ontology Language
type: Axiom
annotated source: Web Ontology Language
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Language

On - To - Knowledge
type: Axiom
annotated source: On-To-Knowledge
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology

A process ontology is a description of the components and their relationships that make up a process. A formal process ontology is an ontology in the knowledge domain of processes.
type: Axiom
annotated source: ProcessOntology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
label: Process Ontology

Propositional Logic
type: NamedIndividual
type: Knowledge Representation Formalism

Propositional Logic
type: Axiom
annotated source: Propositional Logic
annotated property: type
annotated target: Knowledge Representation Formalism

Glossary
type: Axiom
annotated source: Semi-formal
annotated property: type
annotated target: Level Of Formality
comment: A glossary, also known as a vocabulary, or clavis, is an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with the definitions for those terms. In a general sense, a glossary contains explanations of concepts relevant to a certain field of study or action.

Taxonomy
type: Axiom
annotated source: Semi-informal
annotated property: type
annotated target: Level Of Formality
comment: It refers to a classification of things or concepts, as well as to the principles underlying such a classification. Taxonomy is different from meronomy which is dealing with the classification of parts of a whole

Sensus
type: Axiom
annotated source: Sensus
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: This approach promotes sharability of knowledge, since the same base ontology is used to develop ontologies in particular domains. The method based on Sensus is a top-down approach for deriving domain specific ontologies from huge ontologies.The authors propose to identify a set of ‘‘seed’' terms that are relevant to a particular domain. These terms are linked manually to a broad-coverage ontology.

Task Ontology
type: Axiom
annotated source: TaskOntology
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Type
comment: Task Ontology is a specification or detailed description of elements and relationships of tasks to explain how tasks can exist and be used in a specific field or environment.

Tove
type: Axiom
annotated source: Tove
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology

Uschold And King's Method
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology Design Methodology

Uschold and King's method
type: Axiom
annotated source: Uschold And King's Method
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Design Methodology
comment: The Uschold and King’s method proposes four activities: (1) to identify the purpose of the ontology, (2) to build it, (3) to evaluate it, and (4) to document it.

RDF / XML
type: Axiom
annotated source: RDF/XML
annotated property: type
annotated target: Ontology Syntax
comment: RDF/XML is a syntax,[1] defined by the W3C[2] , to express (i.e. serialize) an RDF graph as an XML document.

RadLex®
type: Axiom
annotated source: RadLex®
annotated property: type
annotated target: License
comment: RadLex® is a reference ontology for the domai n of radiology and is an active, curated ontology.This License permits public access to the Release Version of RadLex® and makes it possible for Licensees to use it for clinical, research, educational and commercial activities without charge.

Acronym: DIF

Acronym: QuDEx

Acronym: ABCD

Acronym: SDMX

Acronym: OAI - ORE

Acronym: DDI

syntax: Notation3
Acronym: N3